The exemption that matters most to small business owners in Florida is the resale exemption. If you buy products specifically to resell them, you don’t pay sales tax on that purchase. Instead, you collect sales tax from your customer when you make the final sale. To use this exemption, you need a valid Florida Annual Resale Certificate (Form DR-13) and you must present it to your supplier. Without that certificate on file, your supplier is required to charge you tax.

Services in Florida are generally not subject to sales tax, which surprises people who come from states where services are broadly taxed. If you run a consulting firm, a marketing agency, or a medical practice, you typically don’t collect sales tax on your services. However, Florida specifically taxes a handful of service categories. Commercial cleaning, pest control, and security services are all taxable. If your business falls into one of those categories, you are required to collect and remit sales tax on what you charge.

Unprepared food and groceries are exempt from Florida sales tax. This distinction matters for restaurants and food trucks because prepared food is taxable. If you sell a sandwich ready to eat, you charge sales tax. If you sell a loaf of bread at a bakery counter and it’s not prepared for immediate consumption, it may be exempt. The line between prepared and unprepared food trips up a lot of food business owners, so it’s worth understanding exactly where your products fall.

Prescription drugs are fully exempt. Certain agricultural supplies and items used directly in agricultural production qualify for exemptions as well. Manufacturing machinery and equipment used in the production process at a fixed location in Florida can also be purchased tax-free, which benefits any business involved in manufacturing or production.

One thing that catches new business owners is the difference between knowing an exemption exists and properly documenting it. The Florida Department of Revenue expects you to keep resale certificates on file for every customer who claims the exemption. If you’re audited and can’t produce those certificates, the state can hold you liable for the uncollected tax. The same goes for any exemption certificate you accept from a buyer. Sales tax management isn’t just about filing on time. It’s about making sure you’re collecting the right amount and keeping the paperwork that backs up every exempt transaction.

Florida also runs occasional sales tax holidays throughout the year for things like back-to-school supplies and disaster preparedness items. These are temporary and change annually, so they’re worth watching for but not something to build your tax strategy around.

If you’re unsure whether your products or services are taxable, don’t guess. Charging tax when you shouldn’t frustrates customers, and not charging when you should creates a liability that grows every month until someone catches it. Working with bilingual bookkeeping services that understand Florida tax rules can help you get this right from the start and avoid surprises during a state audit.